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Al ash-Sheikh
The Al ash-Sheikh ((アラビア語:آل الشيخ), '),〔Using the term ''the Al ash-Sheikh family'' is a pleonasm as the word ''Al'' already means ''family''. See Etymology. It would, in theory, be correct to use the term ''Family of the Sheikh'', but, unlike ''House of Saud'', in practice this is rarely done.〕 also transliterated in a number of other ways, including Al ash-Shaykh, Al ash-Shaikh, Al al-Shaykh, or Al-Shaykh〔Also, ''Al al-Sheikh'', ''Al al-Shaikh'', ''Al-Sheikh'', ''Al-Shaikh'', ''Al-Ashaykh'', ''Al-Ashaikh'', or ''Al-Asheikh'', and the first word ''Al'' in any of these transliterations can be renderred as ''Aal''.〕 is Saudi Arabia's leading religious family. They are the descendants of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the 18th century founder of the Wahhabi form of Sunni Islam which is today dominant in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia, the family is second in prestige only to the Saudi royal family, the Al Saud, with whom they formed a power-sharing arrangement nearly 300 years ago. The arrangement, which persists to this day, is based on the Al Saud maintaining the Al ash-Sheikh's authority in religious matters and the Al ash-Sheikh supporting the Al Saud's political authority.
Although the Al ash-Sheikh's domination of the religious establishment has diminished in recent decades, they still hold most of the important religious posts in Saudi Arabia, and are closely linked to the Al Saud by a high degree of intermarriage. Because of the Al ash Sheikh's religious-moral authority, the arrangement between the two families remains crucial in maintaining the Saudi royal family's legitimacy to rule the country.
==Etymology==
The Arabic name ''Al ash-Sheikh'' (آل الشيخ) (which is transliterated in a number of ways) translates into English as ''family of the Sheikh'' or ''House of the Sheikh''.〔 The word ''Al'', in conjunction with the name of an ancestor, means ''family of'' or ''House of''. The term ''ash-Sheikh'' refers to the Islamic religious reformer Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the family's ancestor. He was known as ''the Sheikh'', a term of respect for a noted elder, teacher or religious leader.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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